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Massachusetts Message Testing · Executive summary

13 of 16 treatment videos showed detectable ballot support differences

Every wave · Massachusetts general adults — not verified likely voters · separate samples

  1. Ballot support
  2. Comprehension
  3. The questions
  4. Pairings

Ballot support, every wave against its own placebo

  • Detectable — meets the 90% statistical threshold vs placebo
  • Inconclusive — not detected; not proof of zero effect
  • Campaign-produced
  • ≈ lift derived from rounded percentages
  • W3 — simulated respondents
Ballot supportComprehension
Glossary

Separate studies, own placebos

Each wave had its own sample and placebo arm. This is one descriptive list across two studies — not a pooled experiment, and not evidence that any video outperforms another.

Published versus approximate

Wave 1 lifts are as published, calculated before rounding. Wave 2 lifts (≈) subtract displayed rounded percentages; exact unrounded estimates were not supplied.

The campaign ad is a treatment

The official campaign ad was an active treatment in Wave 1 only. It is not the placebo, and Wave 2 has no campaign-ad benchmark arm.

No confidence intervals are shown: none are in the data.

Wave 3: one of six videos showed detectable comprehension differences

  1. 1Wave 1: none of six videos detectable.Lifts from −3 to +3 pp, all inconclusive.
  2. 2Wave 2: three of four videos detectable.Pahlow, DiZoglio and Matt Wilson.
  3. 3Wave 3: one of six videos detectable.Dustin Cathcart.
Comprehension, % level
Glossary

Wave 1 comprehension lifts, for context — all inconclusive

Danielle Allen +3Littlewood −3Donut 0Official campaign ad +3Dustin 0Rodriguez 0

Wave 2 comprehension lifts, for context

Pahlow ≈ +11DiZoglio ≈ +9Matt Wilson ≈ +6Green ≈ +5

The card iteration

Following Wave 1’s strong support results but limited comprehension findings, the team added explanatory on-screen cards. Wave 2 subsequently showed detectable comprehension gains for three videos. This is consistent with the team’s learning objective, although the experiment tested complete videos rather than isolating the cards.

Limitation

Different videos and separate samples; no cards-versus-no-cards randomized comparison.

Three questions, two outcomes

  1. 01Answer background and media-trust questions
  2. 02Randomly assigned to a group
  3. 03Watch a test or comparison video
  4. 04Read the ballot explanation
  5. 05Answer support and understanding questions
Before the video

Which format do you trust?

People chose the format they trust most for political or public information. · TV or broadcast ad · Someone speaking to camera · Podcast or interview clip This tells us their preference before the test.

After the video

Would you vote Yes?

People said how they would vote on Question 3. Yes · No · Would not vote We compared the percentage choosing Yes across groups.

After the video

Did you understand the change?

People selected what Question 3 would change about primary elections. We compared the percentage choosing the correct answer. Asked after everyone read the ballot explanation.

Asked before watching any video
Wave 1Wave 2Wave 3
Glossary

Shares of respondents choosing each answer — not ballot support or persuasion results.

Video–audience pairings to test

W1Wave 1six videos · 36 subgroups
1Danielle Allen

Adults 18–34 and 2022 midterm non-voters

Her highest levels: 75% vs 46% placebo among 18–34s and 73% vs 41% among 2022 non-voters. Significant in 29 of 36 subgroups — the safest broad default.

2Danielle Allen

High school or less and $0–$49K households

The only significant video among high school or less (72% vs 51%); 70% vs 42% in $0–$49K households.

Dustin (46%) and Rodriguez (44%) trail placebo with the high-school-or-less group.

3Littlewood

$100K+ households, 35–54s and Independent/Other

Highest level of any video in each: 70% vs 50%, 69% vs 51% and 67% vs 45%.

4Littlewood+Danielle Allen

Adults 55+

The only two significant videos with 55+: Littlewood 62% and Danielle 60% vs a 46% placebo.

The official ad does nothing here (47%).

5Dustin

Parents of children under 18

72% vs 50% placebo — the highest level of any video among parents.

Flat with non-parents (54% vs 46%, not significant).

6Dustin+Danielle Allen

2024 Republican voters

Dustin 69% and Danielle 67% vs a 53% placebo — the only two significant videos in that group.

W2Wave 2four videos · 38 subgroups
1Green

Adults 55+ and high school or less

The only significant video in each: 54% vs 41% placebo among 55+ and 61% vs 45% among high school or less. Significant in 24 of 38 subgroups — the broadest in Wave 2.

2Green

$100K+ households and 2024 non-voters

The only significant video among $100K+ (60% vs 48%); the highest level among 2024 non-voters (65% vs 31%).

Pahlow (56%) and Matt Wilson (55%) are also significant with non-voters.

3Matt Wilson

Latino respondents

75% vs 53% placebo — the highest level of any video in this group. Green (71%) is the only other significant video.

Among Black respondents: 44% vs 52%, not significant (small sample).

4Matt Wilson+Green

Women

The only two significant videos: 61% and 63% vs a 50% placebo.

Pahlow (56%) and DiZoglio (57%) are not significant.

5Pahlow+Green

Conservatives

57% and 55% vs a 41% placebo — the only two significant videos.

DiZoglio (46%) and Matt Wilson (48%) sit near placebo.

6Pahlow+Matt Wilson

Respondents who trust social video most

69% and 71% vs a 46% placebo — the highest levels in any media-trust group. Green (63%) is also significant.

Self-selected group; describes stated trust, not a format effect.

Seen in both waves

Adults 55+ responded to few videos (2 of 6, then 1 of 4), while Latino respondents had two significant videos each time. Different videos each wave — descriptive, not tested.

Related

Wave 1Five of six videos showed detectable ballot choice differences; none showed detectable comprehension differencesOctober 2–7, 2026 · 3,600 respondents (3,564 weighted) · six treatment videos plus placeboWave 2Four of four videos showed detectable ballot support differences; three showed detectable comprehension differencesOctober 12–15, 2026 · 2,400 respondents (2,371 weighted) · four treatment videos plus placeboWave 3Four of six videos showed detectable ballot support differences; one showed detectable comprehension differencesOctober 29, 2026 · 2,464 simulated respondents (2,464 weighted) · six treatment videos plus placeboOpen Primaries Message TestOne of four videos showed detectable ballot support differences; three showed detectable comprehension differencesOctober 26–29, 2026 · 2,503 respondents (2,503 weighted) · four treatment videos plus placeboMethodologyHow every report tests a video against its own placebo, and how to read what it foundDesign · lift · detectable · weighting · subgroups · sources